Helpful Information regarding marble and granite polishing, cleaning, and sealing

As we discuss the different types of stones and grouts going forward, you should watch for a few keywords and terms.

• Etching (watermarks) is damage caused to the surface by exposure to acid. It must be refinished to remove the damage. It is usually white and rough to the touch.  
• Chips and Cracks can be repaired using various types of fillers and glues. It is essential to pick the correct type so the surface doesn't yellow or crack.
• Calcite, Dolomite, and Magnesium:  Anytime you see these words, the stone could be susceptible to etching from acid. It is being found in some Quartzites.
• Hardness: Generally, any surface under a 6 (Marble, Limestone, Soapstone, etc.) on the Mohs scale is scratchable by anything metal, porcelain, or glass. Granite and some quartzites are best for scratch resistance.
• Porous or Absorption:  These words indicate the stone is susceptible to absorbing stains and should be adequately sealed. Stains can be challenging, if not impossible, to remove. 
• Limestone, Travertine, and Marble are in the same family of stones and are generally susceptible to the same potential damage, with a few exceptions.
• Most stones' textures can be smooth, rough, hammered, sandblasted, leathered (antiqued), and more.
• A honed finish tends to be more absorbent and requires sealing more often. However, it better hides damage, including etch marks and scratches, than a polished surface. 
• Polished surfaces generally follow the rule that the higher the shine, the higher the maintenance. A shiny surface magnifies any scratch or etch mark but is less absorbent than honed surfaces.